Breast and Ovarian cancers rank the 1st and 3rd commonest cancers among women in India accounting for 2,00,000 new cases a year. 10-15% of these cancers are hereditary, i.e., occur in different generations of the same family due to mutations in genes like BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53, CHEK2, PALB2, RAD50, etc. Identification of these families by appropriate genetic testing gives a remarkable opportunity to save lives by “precision prevention”. Through proper surveillance and risk-reducing surgeries, we can prevent new cancers in these patients and their unaffected children, siblings, and other family members.
Recognizing these high-risk families is a huge unmet need in India where cancer genetic clinics are rare. Detecting mutations in one patient gives leads to the detection of unsuspected mutations in their unaffected family members, by cascade single-site testing. Thus, accurate testing is the key to the success of such precision prevention programs.